Calotropis procera wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre. Gc ms analysis and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic. Evaluation of antihyperglycaemic activity of calotropis. Africa, asia and naturalized in australia, north america, south america more infos. Leaves hassan a alhazmi1, shahnaz sultana2, andleeb khan3 and mohammed albratty1 1department of pharmaceutical chemistry, college of pharmacy, jazan university, jazan, saudi arabia. Calotropis procera asclepiadaceae grows in israel under extremely hot climatic conditions. Apple of sodom, sodom apple, stabragh and others synonymes. These two species can be distinguished by the following differences. It is widely distributed in subtropical as well as tropical regions of the world.
The pungent latex extracted from the leaves and flowers of calotropis procera is. College, patna, magadh university, bihar, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t keywords calotropis e pharmacology, m. Chemical compositions of leaf and stem essential oils of calotropis procera ait r. Pdf assessment of calotropis procera aiton and datura. Calotropis procera asclepiadaceae, commonly known as aak or madar plant is a perennial wild herb which plays various important ecological roles, ranging from settlement in sandy soils, prevention of soil erosion, natural reproduction and in. Pdf medicinal plants have been used to treat various ailments of the poor population around the world. Arka calotropis gigantea is a perennial shrub growing 2. The plants root system has been shown to break up and cultivate cropland. Users of agricultural chemical products must always strictly comply with the directions on the label and the conditions of any permit. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of calotropis gigantea root, latex extracts. Calotrope calotropis procera is very similar to giant calotrope calotropis gigantea. Phytochemical investigation of calotropis procera ait roots. Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects about 10% of the population.
This page was last edited on 14 december 2011, at 16. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Aiton is a spreading shrub or mediumsized tree reaching 2. No brasil ocorre em varios estados do nordeste particularmente na caatinga, no sudeste, em mato grosso, goias e no distrito federal. Asclepiadaceae has been known to the traditional systems of medicine and plant known as madar in unani medicinal system. The tree seeds freely, and natural regeneration is common. The mesocarp which develops form the mesodermis is distinguished into outer, middle and inner zones.
Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of. Calotropis procera is regarded as useful medicinal plant and used in folk medicine. Ocular toxicity by latex of calotropis procera sodom apple. Calotropis procera commonly known as aak is used in many ayurvedic formulations like arkelavana. Effect of latex extracts from euphorbia caducifolia and calotropis procera on rootknot nematode meloidogyne incognita infesting tomato and egg plant. When using any agricultural chemicals please ensure that you always follow instructions on the label and any permit. Shrivastava, suchita singh, sanchita singh department of botany and biotechnology govt. Calotropis procera, medicinal uses, human ailments, sanwer.
Calotropis procera apocynaceae is a nonnative species that has its origin in africa and asia, but was introduced into the northeastern region of brazil in the beginning of last century. Provided by ars systematic botany and mycology laboratory. The plant is erect, tall, large, much branched and perennial with milky latex throughout. It is a very common herb seen widely throughout india.
The medicinal potential of calotropis procera has been known to traditional system of medicine. Study on antibacterial activity of calotropis procera. The fruit of calotropis procera is oval and curved at the ends of the pods. Calotropis procera extracts against seedborne fungi agrees with the work of abdulmoniem et al. Antiinflammatory activity of the latex of calotropis procera. Calotropis can act as a soil binder and as a nurse crop for more. Phytochemical investigation on stem of calotropis procera. N 1 1department of chemical sciences, olabisi onabanjo university, p. The calotropis gigantia latex had a completely b asic nature with a ph of 7. This plant is found in tropical africa and several parts of asia.
Aiton is an exotic shrub or small tree species that is currently invading the tropical savannahs of northern australia. Pharmacognostic standardization of leaves of calotropis procera ait. Hence, it is distributed in tropical and subtropical. Calotropis gigantea crown flower is a species of calotropis the giant milkweed, calotropis procera, is native to the old world from the arabian peninsula to west, north and east africa, also from southern asia to malaysia. This article describes the nature of the plant with links to requirements land ownersoccupiers must adhere to and pest control methods. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of. Antimicrobial activities of calotropis procera on selected. Chemical compositions of leaf and stem essential oils of.
It it has a deep taproot, 34 m deep, and a secondary root system with woody lateral roots that may rapidly regenerate adventitious. The calotropis procera latex had an acidic nature with ph of 4. In israel, the native pollinators are carpenter bees xylocopa. Calotropis procera are widely used traditional medicinal plant to treat various ailments. Small trees or shrubs, these two species are native to southern asia and africa and were introduced to south america and the islands of the caribbean, where they have naturalized. However, these reports are of folk uses and more research is needed to confirm the. Identification of a novel calotropis procera protein that. Leaves are simple, opposite, sub sessile, ovate and cordate at base. Identification of a novel calotropis procera protein that can.
The genus calotropis is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of leprosy, ulcers, tumors, diseases of. Hepatoprotective effects of calotropis procera are also use as analgesic to give relive 10 gml from pain. Assessment of calotropis procera aiton and datura alba nees leaves extracts as bioinsecticides against tribolium castaneum herbst in stored wheat triticum aestivum l. Calotropis procera known by the common names apple of sodom, sodom apple, mudar, or osher or stabragh is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, apocynaceae, that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. It is also found in coastal dunes, roadsides, watercourses and disturbed urban areas. Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of calotropis procera a. Two pills are taken twice daily for 3 days to cure malaria 57. Calotropis procera apocynaceae, a native of tropical africa, the middle east and the indian subcontinent, is a serious environmental and rangeland weed of australia and brazil. Flower morphology is adapted towards the concealment of nectar, in order to protect it against robbery by ants and from evaporation. Phytochemical investigation on stem of calotropis procera ait. Phytochemistry and ethnopharmaceutics of calotropis procera oloumi h 3 extensively branched root system and thick leaves with waxy coverage are the xerophytic adaptations.
The fruit is also thick and, when opened, it is the source of thick fibers that have been made into rope and used in a multitude of ways. The plant is one of the important traditional herbal medicines in every home of india. The pungent latex extracted from the leaves and flowers of calotropis procera is processed and used in the commercial preparation of eye tonics. Calotropis gigantea arka uses, dose, side effects, ayurveda. Calotropis procera becomes highly pubescent in the young fruit, but scabrous in the mature fruit. Calotropis procera, locally known as akk in pakistan yasin et al. Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the family apocynaceae that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina.
A study on calotropis procera leaf samples extracted the airdried leaf powder with different solvents such as petroleumether 6080c, benzene, chloroform, ethanol, and sterile water. Pollinia while being inserted within the stigmatic chamber, are soaked in the liquid nectar which, by its concentration controls pollen germination. Using methanol extraction method, we characterized the calotropis procera using ftir and uvvis spectrophotometry. Morphoecological aspects on the pollination of calotropis. Ayurvedic medicine is a traditional indian practice of healing.
Vegetative propagation through half stumps assumes a special importance as compared with the entire stumps because they help in faster multiplication of the parent genotype with. Khalaf 2 and alkhafaji nazar jabbar3 1, 3department of internal medicine, college of veterinary medicine, university of diyala. Different parts of leaves, roots, flowers and latex from this plant are used in several ayurvedic systems of medicinal preparations. Being abundant in tropical regions across the world. In ancient ayurvedic medicine the plant calotropis procera linn. Antifertility activity the effect of an ethanolic extract of the roots of calotropis procera has been studied in albino rats to explore its antifertility and hormonal activities. The fivepetalled waxy flowers are white with purple tips inside and have a.
Phytochemistry and ethnopharmaceutics of calotropis. It has a deep taproot, 34 m deep, and a secondary root system with woody lateral roots that may rapidly regenerate adventitious shoots when the plant is injured. Biological morphology and ethanopharmocological importance. A single dose of the aqueous suspension of the dried latex was effective to a significant level against the acute inflammatory response.
It is also a weed in hawaii in the usa, the caribbean islands, the seychelles, mexico, thailand, vietnam and many pacific islands. Ms analysis and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of calotropis procera ait. The antiinflammatory property of the latex of calotropis procera was studied on carrageenin and formalininduced rat paw oedema model. In akund floss downy seed fibre obtained from calotropis procera and c. Calotropis procera, medicinal plants, ayurvedic medicine, pharmacological studies. Widely it is used medicinally, to treat boils, infected wounds and other skin problems in people. In ancient ayurvedic medicine the plant calotropis procera was known as rakta arka. It is a useful green manure and will be planted and plowed in before the real crop is sown. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Strong antiimplantation in hibition 100 % and uterotropic activity was observed at a dose of 250 mg. It has been widely naturalized elsewhere including australia, hawaii, california, and the caribbean and from mexico to. Aiton,apocynaceae, popularly known as algodaodeseda, is a wild african bush, rich in bioactive substances that determine the medicinal potential of this species.
Population ecology and economic importance of calotropis. The antimicrobial activity of the leaf extracts of calotropis procera. An recent approach on calotropis gigantea and calotropis procera. It is a softwooded, evergreen perennial shrub and is not a human, friendly plant. The calotropis gigantia latex had a completely b asic. Aak, madar calotropis gigantea uses, benefits and dosage. Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, apocynaceae, that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. Pharmacognostic standardization of leaves of calotropis. The leaves of calotropis procera are also used to treat jaundice. Evaluation of allelopathic effects of calotropis procera.
Calotropis calotropis procera is a declared pest in western australia wa. It has bunch of waxy flowers that are white or lavender in color. The leaves are sessile and subsessile, opposite, ovate, cordate at the base. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the whole. The extractions from latex are quit tricky in context with preparation of latex for the extraction purpose. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the whole plant. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was done long with measurement of the leaf constants. Often, its another variety calotropois procera is also used in the same name. Aiton asclepiadaceae, is a desert plant known as ushar or madar in greecoarab medicine. The single layered epicarp develops from the outer epidermis of the ovary wall. Calotropis procera, a plant from apocynaceae family has been shown to have anticancer properties in several studies. Study of the cytotoxic effect of calotropis procera on. Biological activity of calotropis procera extracts 1081 introduction plants belonging to the asclepiadaceae family have a wide range of therapeutic activities.
An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region in nepal, the latex is applied to sprains, body pains, boils and pimples. A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. Pdf therapeutic and biological activities of calotropis procera ait. It is widely used in many ayurvedic treatments, both externally ksharasutra and internally. The green fruits contain a toxic milky sap that is extremely bitter and turns into a gluey coating which is resistant to soap. Calotrope calotropis procera department of agriculture and fisheries biosecurity queensland invasive plant. Calotropis procera in world checklist of selected plant families.
The green globes are hollow but the flesh contains a toxic milky sap that is. The use of the plants, plant extracts and pure compounds isolated from natural sources has always. It is known to provide key resources in degraded ecosystems to about 80 animal species. It is often dominant in areas of abandoned cultivation, especially on sandy soils in areas of low rainfall. Calotropis procera grows as a weed in many areas of india, but it is also purposefully planted. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. Calotropis procera is a medicinal plant which belongs to family asclepiadaceae, commonly it is known as aak plant. The herbal medicines occupy distinct position right from the primitive. Pdf ayurvedic uses and pharmacological activities of calotropis.
Calotropis gigantea grows to a height of 8 to 10 ft 2. Pharmacological studies on aerial parts of calotropis procera. Extraction of plant latex is a complex emulsion of polymer micro particles in an aqueous medium. The leaves of calotropis procera are said to be valuable as an antidote for snake bite, sinus fistula, rheumatism. Extraction and phytochemical investigation of calotropis. Its flowers are slightly cupshaped in appearance and their relatively short and broad petals are whitish with purple tips. Aak, madar calotropis gigantea uses, benefits, dosage and properties. Phytochemistry and ethnopharmaceutics of calotropis procera. Calotropis gigantea, the crown flower, is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia. The analgesic activity of the crude extract and the fitoterapia, 636. The milky juice of calotropis procera was used against arthritis, cancer, and as an.
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